First, many thanks for an interesting article; I will follow up by reading more about frameworks such as SBTN. It is really about metrics for externalities which certainly requires science based modelling.

The term "Earth fee" reminds me of a concept I tried to propose on certain platforms: Gaia Tax, https://medium.com/@peter-wurmsdobler/gaia-tax-a-compensation-for-extracting-earths-resources-246db92aa550 . Perhaps of interest to you.